William Anderson was initially given a chilly reception from other raiders, who perceived him to be brash and overconfident. The most infamous order came in response to a brutal guerilla attack on Lawrence, Kan. View character biography, pictures and memorable quotes. So they couldn't have obtained many from the Infantry. Note: Click on photos to get larger view. Stories about Anderson's brutality during the War were legion. At the end of P.R. [12] In late 1861, Anderson traveled south with Jim and Judge Baker in an apparent attempt to join the Confederate Army. The guerrillas then attacked Allen, Missouri. 2, in March 1862, allowed Union troops in Missouri to hang guerillas as robbers and murder[er]s. Future orders followed the same tone. Missouri - A State Divided: The Civil War in Missouri, Partisan Warfare in the American Civil War, Forces of Change and the Enduring Ozark Frontier: The Civil War. Most fought to protect or revenge their families from what they saw as injustices heaped upon them by the Union army and Union sympathizers. [111] Anderson then led a charge up the hill. Born in Randolph County, Missouri in 1839, William T. Anderson would, by his death on October 26, 1864, be known and feared throughout the Unionas "Bloody Bill" Anderson, a barbaric, pro-Confederateguerilla leader in the American Civil War. The two were prominent Unionists and hid their identities from the guerrillas. On July 15, 1864 "Bloody Bill" Anderson returned home. These companies will be governed in all respects by the same regulations as other troops. Wood describes him as the "bloodiest man in America's deadliest war"[164] and characterizes him as the clearest example of the war's "dehumanizing influence". Anderson was described as "nearly six feet tall, of rather swarthy complexion and had long, black hair, inclined to curl. There, his men briefly engaged a group of guerrillas loyal to Quantrill, but no one was injured in the confrontation. The next day, the elder Anderson traveled to the Council Grove courthouse with a gun, intending to force Baker to withdraw the warrant. Etsy Search for items or shops Close search Skip to Content Sign in 0 Cart Gifts for Every Valentine Jewelry & Accessories William T. Anderson was born around 1840 in Hopkins County, Kentucky, to William C. and Martha Anderson. Fueling this conflict was a dispute over whether Kansas should be a slave-holding state or not. One dating device is the guns; they are all germane to the late 1860s and early 1870s at the . He was buried in a nearby fieldafter a soldier cut off one of his fingers to steal a ring. [76] Anderson was selective, turning away all but the fiercest applicants, as he sought fighters similar to himself. [Photo captions, clockwise from top left, read] , . Usually a wife, sister, mother or sweetheart used ribbons, shells and needlework to create the ellaborately [sic] decorated shirts. [49], Four days after the Lawrence Massacre, on August 25, 1863, General Ewing retaliated against the Confederate guerrillas by issuing General Order No. They will receive pay and allowance for subsistence and forage for the time actually in the field, as established by the affadavits of their captains. Anderson himself was killed a month later in battle. [40] On August 19, the group, which proved to be the most guerrillas under one commander in the war, began the trip to Lawrence. [33] In August 1863, however, Union General Thomas Ewing, Jr. attempted to thwart the guerrillas by arresting their female relatives,[34] and Anderson's sisters were confined in a three-story building on Grand Avenue in Kansas City with a number of other girls. Only advantage would have been if you were behind a barrier, in a gun battle. However, he was quickly released owing to a problem with the warrant, and fled to Agnes City, fearing he would be lynched. William "Bloody Bill" Anderson A sociopath who lived for spilling blood, William Anderson was one of the most fearsome leaders of Confederate guerrillas in Civil War Missouri. A low-level conflict had already been raging in the Missouri-Kansas borderlands in the years preceding the outbreak of the Civil War. In September 1864, Anderson led a raid on the town of Centralia, Missouri. [85], In early August, Anderson and his men traveled to Clay County. The Confederate guerilla died in battle on October 26, 1864. William T. Anderson was one of the most notorious Confederate guerrillas of the Civil War. Cox stated that he went out & took one of Anderson's pistols along with money & a gold watch. [94], On September 26, Anderson and his men reached Monroe County, Missouri,[95] and traveled towards Paris, but learned of other nearby guerrillas and rendezvoused with them near Audrain County. Bloody Bill Anderson "Bill Anderson!" William Clarke Quantrill commands. [126] The Union soldier held captive at Centralia was impressed with the control Anderson exercised over his men. Cartridge belts standard with up to 18 bullet loops in your [] If they were caught, Federals considered them criminals not prisoners of war. 1:27. Dec 28, 2022. Anderson led a band of volunteer partisan raiders who targeted Union loyalists and federal soldiers in the states of Missouri and Kansas. [63], Anderson and his men rested in Texas for several months before returning to Missouri. On August 30, Anderson and his men attacked a steamboat on the Missouri River, killing the captain and gaining control of the boat. [155] As the Confederacy collapsed, most of Anderson's men joined Quantrill's forces or traveled to Texas. After he returned to Council Grove he began horse trading, taking horses from towns in Kansas, transporting them to Missouri and returning with more horses. It is in Richmond in Ray County Missouri, "The war brought on hate and strife and killing around here. Union leaders branded bushwhackers as outlaws, issuing multiple orders to suppress guerilla activities. Anderson planned to destroy railroad infrastructure in Centralia, Missouri. Answer: He mistook the cashier for Samuel P Cox, the killer of 'Bloody Bill' Anderson. Anderson and Todd launched an unsuccessful attack against the fort, leading charge after futile charge without injury. Death 27 Oct 1864 (aged 24-25) Albany, Ray County, Missouri, USA. [98] They found a large supply of whiskey and all began drinking. Quantrill and other guerrillas nonetheless sought and sometimes received formal Confederate commissions as partisan rangers. Browning James A. They also targeted strategically important infrastructure like bridges, telegraph lines and railroads. Official Records of the American Civil War, "Sideshow no longer: A historiographical review of the guerrilla war", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_T._Anderson&oldid=1137633714, People of Missouri in the American Civil War, People with sadistic personality disorder, Confederate States of America military personnel killed in the American Civil War, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Use shortened footnotes from November 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 17:50. Anderson's horse, saddle & 2 pistols were presented later to a general. Bloody Bill Anderson - Lies and Sensationalism. They murdered my family when I was a schoolboy and I was launched into a life of shooting, reprisals and rough-riding." Carrying multiple loaded guns gave them an edge against soldiers equipped with a single-shot, muzzle-loading musket. Bushwhackers and Jayhawkers. Anderson was under Quantrill's command, but independently organized some attacks. En route, some guerrillas robbed a Union supporter, but Anderson knew the man and reimbursed him. The Missouri in the Civil War Message Board - Archive is maintained by Webmaster [44] They proceeded to pillage and burn many buildings, killing almost every man they found, but taking care not to shoot women. Anderson led a band that targeted Union loyalists and Federal soldiers in Missouri and Kansas. John Wallace (within shouting distance of this marker); Colonel Alexander W. Doniphan (within shouting distance of this marker); Ray County Bicentennial Memorial (about 300 feet away, measured in a direct line); 1856 Courthouse Cornice Planter (about 300 feet away). A wide-brimmed slouch hat was the headgear of choice. If they were Bill's, he would have had 7 pistols on his person which to me is a little hard to believe. so there couldn't have been that many to obtain from citizens. William Thomas Anderson was born in Randolph County, Missouri in 1837, the exact date and location of his birth, remain uncertain. Many bushwhackers wore a distinctive shirt, such as this one on T.F. "Bring Lieutenant Coleman to me." If they were caught, Federals considered them criminals not prisoners of war. The Myth that Bloody Bill Anderson had survived the war and was living in Brownwood Texas originated in 1924, after a young Brownwood reporter named Henry Clay Fuller spent several hours talking . Location: Missouri, United States. [1] By 1860, the young William T. Anderson was a joint owner of a 320-acre (1.3km2) property that was worth $500;[c] his family had a total net worth of around $1,000. It was Anderson's greatest victory, surpassing Lawrence and Baxter Springs in brutality and the number of casualties. William Quantrill and William "Bloody Bill" Anderson are well-known bushwhacker leaders in Missouri. Bloody Bill Anderson got little respect in death. Anyway, as Baker had achieved his mission & as Anderson & his troops entered the ambush. This action angered his men, who saw themselves as the protectors of women, but Anderson dismissed their concerns, saying such things were inevitable. 2. The notorious Bloody Bill was killed in a Union ambush in Missouri. The order was intended to undermine the guerrillas' support network in Missouri. Bushwhacker activities in Missouri increased as a response to Federal occupation and increasingly brutal attacks and raids by Kansas soldiers, or jayhawkers. [43] Anderson personally killed 14 people. [156] Jim Anderson moved to Sherman, Texas, with his two sisters. Born in the late 1830s, [24] Confederate General Sterling Price failed to gain control of Missouri in his 1861 offensive and retreated into Arkansas, leaving only partisan rangers and local guerrillas known as "bushwhackers" to challenge Union dominance. Anderson was fatally shot twice in the back of the head. Gen. Henry Halleck. [133] The group then traveled west, disregarding the mission assigned by General Price[134] in favor of looting. Anthony Edwards as "Goose" in Top Gun (1986) : The Federal command in St. Louis, Mo. Anderson ordered them outside the car and lined up in two files. Violence dropped in the area affected by Order No. From Donald Hale's book " They call him Bloody Bill" it stated that Cox had sent a Lt. Baker to act as bait to lure Bill & his troops into an ambush. [45] The guerrillas under Anderson's command, notably including Archie Clement and Frank James, killed more than any of the other group. A lack of Confederate military presence in Missouri led Southern sympathizers to form guerrilla groups to harass Union soldiers and pro-Union citizens. So . Anderson led a band of volunteer partisan raiders who targeted Union loyalists and federal soldiers in the states of Missouri and Kansas. [2] His siblings were Jim, Ellis, Mary Ellen, Josephine and Janie. As armies march across America from 1861 to 1865, other combatants shot soldiers from ambush and terrorized civilians of opposing loyalties in a fierce guerrilla war. William T. Anderson (1839 - October 26, 1864), better known as "Bloody Bill," was one of the deadliest and most brutal pro-Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War.Anderson led a band of Missouri Partisan rangers* that targeted Union loyalists and Federal soldiers in Missouri and Kansas. On June 12, 1864, Anderson and 50 of his men engaged 15 members of the Missouri State Militia, killing and robbing 12. [106] Although he was alerted to the congressman's presence in the town, he opted not to search for him. [42] The Provost Marshal of Kansas, a Union captain who commanded military police, surrendered to the guerrillas and Anderson took his uniform[43] (guerrillas often wore uniforms stolen from Union soldiers). I will have to go through my library to see what I can find. Anderson's prodigious talents for bloodshed were such that, by the end of his life in 1864, he'd left a trail of destruction across three states which took just two years to blaze. Again, as I posted earlier, only those that carried the Model 1861 Remington could possibly have availed themselves to this convenience as all the other sidearms took some time to change out the cylinder. It is said that "Bloody Bill" Anderson carried six to eight revolvers with him at any point. . Biographer Larry Wood wrote that Anderson's motivation shifted after the death of his sister, arguing that killing then became his focus, and an enjoyable act. Partisan Warfare in the American Civil War. William T. Anderson (1840 - Oct. 26, 1864) known as "Bloody Bill" Anderson was one of the deadliest and most brutal pro-Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War. General Orders No. The most infamous order came in response to a brutal guerilla attack on Lawrence, Kan. Jesse James and his brother Frank were among the Missourians who joined Anderson; both of them later became notorious outlaws. [88] On August 27, Union soldiers killed at least three of Anderson's men in an engagement near Rocheport. [147] Union soldiers claimed that Anderson was found with a string that had 53 knots, symbolizing each person he had killed. Anderson's men mutilated the bodies, earning the guerrillas the description of "incarnate fiends" from the Columbia Missouri Statesman. The muzzle-loaders required no special ammunition or training and were effective out to about seventy-five or one hundred yards. [145], Union soldiers identified Anderson by a letter found in his pocket and paraded his body through the streets of Richmond, Missouri. He thought the cashier was an informant. . Maupin, pictured above. As soon as the company attains the strength required by law it will proceed to elect the other officers to which it is entitled. ), Bite-Size Bits of Local, National, and Global History, Photographed By William Fischer, Jr., September 17, 2020. Smaller bands avoided fights with larger detachments of Union soldiers, preferring to ambush stragglers or loot Union supporters and their property. Although Union supporters viewed him as incorrigibly evil, Confederate supporters in Missouri saw his actions as justifiable. [2] During his childhood, Anderson's family moved to Huntsville, Missouri, where his father found employment on a farm and the family became well-respected. [13] Anderson had told a neighbor that he sought to fight for financial reasons rather than out of loyalty to the Confederacy. This is his story. and also on the Agnes City Census of Kansas in 1850. This may help as far as relatives of Bloody Bill Anderson,who was William T.Anderson born 1839,son of William Anderson and Martha Thomasson. [37] Castel and Goodrich maintain that by then killing had become more than a means to an end for Anderson: it became an end in itself. [105] Anderson gave the civilian hostages permission to leave but warned them not to put out fires or move bodies. There is no evidence to support that assumption. The Missouri act was an offshoot of the Confederate Partisan Ranger Act instituted by Confederate President Jefferson Davis in April 1862. [48] After a dead raider was scalped by a Union-allied Lenape Indian during the pursuit, one guerrilla leader pledged to adopt the practice of scalping. [21][f] William Quantrill, a Confederate guerrilla leader, later claimed to have encountered Reed's company in July and rebuked them for robbing Confederate sympathizers;[22] in their biography of Anderson, Albert Castel and Tom Goodrich speculate that this rebuke may have resulted in a deep resentment of Quantrill by Anderson. [66][67] In the letters, Anderson took an arrogant and threatening yet playful tone, boasting of his attacks. 11. and M.A. [69], In early July, Anderson's group robbed and killed several Union sympathizers in Carroll and Randolph counties. [99][100] As the guerrillas robbed the stagecoach passengers, a train arrived. [30] The first reference to Anderson in Official Records of the American Civil War concerns his activities at this time, describing him as the captain of a band of guerrillas. . The residents of Lawrence, Kansas, would never forget what happened on August 21, 1863, if indeed they were lucky enough to survive. They attacked the fort on October 6, but the 90 Union troops there quickly took refuge inside, suffering minimal losses. Bloody Bill Anderson - Etsy Check out our bloody bill anderson selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. [91], Anderson met Todd and Quantrill on September 24, 1864; although they had clashed in the past, they agreed to work together again. Erected by Missouri State Parks. On this day during the Civil War in 1864, the notorious Confederate guerrilla leader William "Bloody Bill" Anderson was shot and killed. In October of 1864, Anderson's unit was trapped and outnumbered in Missouri, and 'Bloody Bill' was killed when he charged the Union troops. World War Memorial (here, next to this marker); World War II and Korean War Memorial (a few steps from this marker); Vietnam War Memorial (a few steps from this marker); Richmond (within shouting distance of this marker); Pvt. Relatives of William T. Anderson , known as "Bloody Bill". Doing some quick math on the number of men who rode with Quantrill, numbers around 700 ( those who can be named), maybe more. [5] The Anderson family supported slavery, though they did not own slaves. [7][b] Animosity and violence between the two sides quickly developed in what was called Bleeding Kansas, but there was little unrest in the Council Grove area. [160] Asa Earl Carter's novel The Rebel Outlaw: Josey Wales (1972) features Anderson as a main character. Todd rested his men in July to allow them to prepare for a Confederate invasion of Missouri. "The war brought on hate and strife and killing around here. William T. Anderson[a] (c. 1840 October 26, 1864), known by the nickname "Bloody Bill" Anderson, was a soldier who was one of the deadliest and most notorious Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War. He worked with his brother Jim, their friend Lee Griffith and several accomplices strung along the Santa Fe Trail. [86], On August 13, Anderson and his men traveled through Ray County, Missouri, to the Missouri River, where they engaged Union militia. Bill and Jim Anderson soon after this drifted off to the Sni Hills, in Missouri, where they had relatives. The Missouri Partisan Ranger Act [117] However, Frank James, who participated in the attack, later defended the guerrillas' actions, arguing that the federal troops were marching under a black flag, indicating that they intended to show no mercy. As a general rule, bushwhackers would attack quickly and withdraw if. [139], Union military leaders assigned Lieutenant Colonel Samuel P. Cox to kill Anderson, providing him with a group of experienced soldiers. [132], Anderson traveled 70 miles (110km) east with 80 men to New Florence, Missouri. [52] Not satisfied with the number killed, Anderson and Todd wished to attack the fort again, but Quantrill considered another attack too risky. Concluding that eliminating the bushw[h]acker's support network would help end guerilla fighting, Brig. Community & Conflict website entry (Submitted on October 1, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.) In what became known as the Centralia Massacre, Anderson's bushwhackers killed 24 unarmed Union soldiers on the train and set an ambush later that day which killed over a hundred Union militiamen. . [80] In 1863, most Union troops left Missouri and only four regiments remained there. Their families and other local Confederate sympathizers supplied them with shelter, food, medical care and tactical information about Union activities. [115] The attack led to a near-complete halt in rail traffic in the area and a dramatic increase in Union rail security. eHistory website entry (Submitted on October 1, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.) 1. Two Confederate soldiers carrying double-barreled shotguns, a favorite weapon early in the Civil War. [96] Although a large group of guerrillas was assembled, their leaders felt there were no promising targets to attack because all of the large towns nearby were heavily guarded. Now that statement is a little murky. In late 1863, while Quantrill's Raiders spent the winter in Sherman, Texas, animosity developed between Anderson and Quantrill. Anderson and his men were in the rear of the charge, but gathered a large amount of plunder from the dead soldiers, irritating some guerrillas from the front line of the charge. . My 1888 Luscomb #b. 100% heavyweight Gildan brand cotton t-shirt. Again, were those 2 pistols found on the horse or were there more as Cox's statement was in the plural. Topics and series. Concluding that eliminating the bushw[h]acker's support network would. [9][d] On June 28, 1860, William's mother, Martha Anderson, died after being struck by lightning. [119], Anderson left the Centralia area on September 27, pursued for the first time by Union forces equipped with artillery. [89] In mid-September, Union soldiers ambushed two of Anderson's parties traveling through Howard County, killing five men in one day. ; and Confederate Memorial State Historic Site in Higginsville, Mo. From July 1861 until the end of the war, the state suffered up to 25,000 deaths from guerrilla warfare, more than any other state. [57] Quantrill appointed him a first lieutenant, subordinate only to himself and to Todd. . Henry Fuller's interview articles appeared in newspapers and magazines all across the United States. After the war, several guerrillas, such as Frank and Jesse James, continued their violent behaviors, becoming infamous outlaws. Union leaders branded bushwhackers as outlaws, issuing multiple orders to suppress guerilla activities. This historical marker was erected by Missouri State Parks. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. These "guerrilla shirts" were pullovers with a deep v-neckline and four large pockets. It could be interpreted that the bugler picked up a total of 6 pistols that belonged, possibly to the other men that fell with Anderson. The U.S. Government provided a veteran's tombstone for Anderson's grave in 1967. . By Glynda July 23, 2006 at 03:01:32. [28] Castel and Goodrich speculated that this raid may have given Quantrill the idea of launching an attack deep in Kansas, as it demonstrated that the state's border was poorly defended and that guerrillas could travel deep into the state's interior before Union forces were alerted. [10], After the Civil War began in 1861, the demand for horses increased and Anderson transitioned from trading horses to stealing them, reselling them as far away as New Mexico. They acquired arms where they could, including taking what was left behind on the battlefield. However, his gun of choice was said to be the Dance .44 caliber cap and ball revolver. Bloody Bill Anderson was a character played by John Russell in the 1976 film 'The Outlaw Josey Wales' directed by Clint Eastwood. [140][139] He left the area with 150 men. ; Battle of Albany Civil War Marker near Orrick, Mo. Plot [ edit] Cocaine dealer, Darrell, leads a cop on a chase through the desert. [56] In March 1864, at the behest of General Sterling Price, Quantrill reassembled his men, sending most of them into active duty with the regular Confederate Army. [117][118] Sutherland saw the massacre as the last battle in the worst phase of the war in Missouri,[119] and Castel and Goodrich described the slaughter as the Civil War's "epitome of savagery". These regiments were composed of troops from out of state, who sometimes mistreated local residents, further motivating the guerrillas and their supporters. Longley's Bloody Bill Anderson Mystery Group on July 13, 2009: " Francis M Richardson was a carpenter as shown in the 1860 Grayson County Texas Census. Rains, charged fearlessly through our lines and were both unhorsed close in our rear. [10], In the late 1850s, Ellis Anderson fled to Iowa after killing a native American. He favored swift execution of captured guerrillas. [125], Anderson visited Confederate sympathizers as he traveled, some of whom viewed him as a hero for fighting the Union, whom they deeply hated. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Settlements & Settlers War, US Civil. That being said,if you multiply 700 troops times 6 revolvers each, that comes to 4200 pistols. Anderson was upset by the critical tone of the coverage and sent letters to the publications. After Frank and Jesse James joined the Anderson band, they robbed a train of $3,000 and executed 25 Union soldiers on board. KANSAS CITY Ten women and girls, including three sisters born in Randolph County, were killed or seriously injured when a building owned by state Treasurer George Caleb Bingham . 2, in March 1862, allowed Union troops in Missouri to hang guerillas as robbers and murder[er]s. Future orders followed the same tone. [53], On October 12, Quantrill and his men met General Samuel Cooper at the Canadian River and proceeded to Mineral Springs, Texas, to rest for the winter. Anderson is loosely portrayed by Jim Caviezel as Black John Ambrose in the 1999 Ang Lee film Ride With The Devil. They murdered my family when I was a schoolboy and I was launched into a life of shooting, reprisals and rough-riding."
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