General financial confusion and the collapse of wartime currencies made prompt payment impossible, but eventually, under an act of April 1, 1784, Pennsylvania compensated such payment for their active service and settled accounts with certain other public creditors by passing to them interesting bearing With his men in a panic and the number of wounded and suffering growing, Watson shelved his pride and addressed a letter to Marion not only requesting permission to send seven of his most seriously wounded through the lines but once again alluding to the fact that Watson believed Marion was conducting himself in a manner contrary to civilized war. Such men of the Pennsylvania Line as became disabled in service but were found capable of light garrison duty were transferred to this special continental regiment. The origin of the ranger tradition lies in the seventeenth century wars between colonists and Native American tribes. These active duty rolls could be distinguished from the permanent billet rolls by the fact that instead of being listed by individual classes as they were in the permanent rolls, the names of the men were here listed under the name of the company captain. On the brink of war, the Continental Congress passed a resolution on 14 June 1775, on what is known as Flag Day, that six companies of expert riflemen be immediately raised in Pennsylvania, two in Maryland, and two in Virginia. From these beginnings of the Continental Army, a group of expert riflemen composed of hardy frontiersmen were formed in 1777 into an organization George Washington referred to as The Corps of Rangers. The following is a brief explanation of the differences between these branches of service. They occasionally operated with friendly Indians, but more commonly served the British as a substitute for traditional allies. Choosing escape, Watson abruptly wheeled his Regiment to the right and proceeded to move at a quick pace across fifteen miles of marsh and pine lands to the Santee Road. There was a problem getting your location. For most counties, the town or township from which each of the companies were recruited is also given when known. The company commanders could also change. The Continental Army authorized several of these formations in 1777 and 1778, primarily as a vehicle to employ European volunteers who could not be inserted into existing regiments without provoking major arguments over rank, or because of language barriers. [2] The only time Pennsylvania seems to have had any sort of basic militia prior to the draft is during the winter months of 1776 into 1777. Muster rolls of the navy and line, militia and rangers, 1775-1783:198-220 Intemediate Sources: USGENwebArchives Transcribed by Christina Hunt Archive.org, OCR Transcription. . Swamp to his left and right, passage blocked to the front and Marion closing in from the rear, Watson had to quickly choose whether to flee or fight. With knowledge of the land, James and his men were able to secure the bridge before the arrival of Watsons dragoons. 23, No. In fact, his memoirs published in 1716 by a son are the first American military manual. Crossing the road that led from Murrys Ferry to Kingstree, Watson continued to follow Marion toward Georgetown. Joseph Howell became acting regimental commander and the 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment numbered only 13 other officers and 74 enlisted men present for duty at the end of the month. October 28, 1776 The Battle of White Plains. Queens Loyal Rangers. From there it moved to Morristown, New Jersey, for the encampment in Jockey Hollow where it endured the most brutal winter of the 18th Century. Advancing his main force as support, Marion again ordered Horry to charge. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material Volume Reel 0822 American Revolutionary War Service Records; Soldiers--United States--Registers Pennsylvania, Seventh Battalion (Cumberland County Militia), Seventh Regiment: A -F The infantry moved at a trot the entire way, stopping only to fire a volley to their rear. During the battle, Colonel Miles, Atlee and Lt. On September 25 it rushed from Tappan, New York, to West Point to reinforce the garrison there after Benedict Arnold's treachery was discovered. Certificates of the funded or Militia Debt. The regiment was raised in Cumberland and York counties (companies G and H). Here is an alphabetical list of Revolutionary Soldiers "compiled chiefly from The Depreciation Account books in the office of the Auditor General of . Lee particularly shined when his regulars stiffened the irregular local forces of leaders like Francis ("Swamp Fox") Marion. Relieved on November 14, 1776 from St. Clair's Brigade and assigned to the. This was in spite of the fact that he "is detested by the officer's of his brigade because he makes his brigade work and personally drills and instructs it, instead of leaving it idle in camp. Captain Nathan Hale of this corps gained immortality as a brave but singularly inept spy. The regiment would see action during the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown and the Battle of Monmouth. In 1779, the 6th Pennsylvania was part of the force commanded by "Mad" Anthony Wayne that stormed the British fortifications at Stony Point, NY (16 July). It was assigned on August 12, 1776 to Stirling's Brigade, an element of the Main Army. Powder Horns. Please try again later. Organized between January 31- August 19, 1777 at Lancaster as Capt. Associators patterned essentially upon groups which had existed briefly in 1747-1748 and again after Braddock's defeat in 1755. Organized spring 1777 at York, Pennsylvania, with personnel from York County. Each partisan unit in the Continental Army, however, had a unique organizational structure. Thousands of militiamen returned from tours of active duty unpaid, bearing only a slip signed by a commanding officer. On October 14, under pressure from the British rejoined the main force at Ticonderoga. Pennsylvania Long Rifles. July to August 1777 - With the rest of Washington's army the 6th Regiment marched back and forth across New Jersey and into New York and Pennsylvania while trying to ascertain the destination of General Howe's army, which had embarked on the British fleet. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. Furloughed on January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey. Special battalions of line troops were recruited for theFlying Campfrom among the Pennsylvania Associators who took part in the New Jersey campaign in 1776. The names of these individuals will be found on the appeal lists. New Hampshire, Reorganized and re-designated 1 January 1, 1777 as the 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. Overmyer has not added any memorials to this virtual cemetery. Proudly founded in 1681 as a place of tolerance and freedom. Most of the service rendered by members of the Pennsylvania Militia fell into one of three categories. Colonel Piper are captured. and were required to show up for their two months of active duty at the time and in the order that their class was called up. Most of the muster rolls that have survived were made up just before the men were discharged from duty. Lower Bridge was only twelve miles away. When active service occurred, it would have been for only sixty days at a time. Organized in between September 28- December 18, 1776 at Sunbury to consist of 8 companies from Northampton, Berks, Cumberland and Northumberland Counties. Lt. On June 19, 1778, the Continental Army left Valley Forge in pursuit and engaged the British in the Battle of Monmouth on an extremely hot June 28. Despite the hardships they had endured on Arnold's forlorn expedition to Canada, about 340 of the nearly 500 men who had been with the 1st Battalion at Ticonderoga did join the Second Pennsylvania Regiment in time enough for Col. DeHaas and a portion of the unit to join Washington's army at Trenton and fight in the battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777, in a brigade of Pennsylvanians commanded by Brig. They were instead the numbers of the battalions from which the men came! Organized between October 25- November 26, 1775 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia, Philadelphia City, Northampton, Berks and Bucks Counties. The Thirteenth was incorporated with the Second Pennsylvania, July 1, 1778. Pennsylvania State Navy. The County Lieutenants ensured that militia units turned out for military exercises, provided the militia units with arms and equipment at the expense of the state, located substitutes for those who declined to serve, and assessed and collected the militia fines. Col. Henry Bicker was appointed in his place but did not actually join the regiment until the following October. Company returns, battalion returns, and brigade returns were nearly always filled out on standard printed forms when these were available. (sic)They are officially uniformed in a blue regimental coat with red lining and facing and pewter buttons inscribed PSR. Pennsylvania Line Regiments and other Pennsylvania Units. History affords no instance wherein an officer has kept possession of a country under so many disadvantages as you have; surrounded on every side with a superior force; hunted from every quarter with veteran troops, you have found means to elude all their attempts, and to keep alive the expiring hopes of an oppressed Militia, when all succor seemed to be cut off. All males aged 20 to 45 - including immigrants seeking citizenship - had to register for the draft. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. On November 3, 1783, after a distinguished career, the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment was officially mustered out in Philadelphia, then capital of the United States of America. Soldiers who served during the years 1777-1780, when the currency was depreciating, were paid inContinental bills of Credit, which quickly lost value. Various state governments did employ such units for local frontier security, but the Continental Army formed very few, in part because George Washington considered frontier security to be a local responsibility and focused national military forces on opposing regular British and German units in a formal battlefield context. Most of Whitcomb's men came from New Hampshire and the Hampshire Grants (now Vermont). The individuals who volunteered at this time were formed into battalions by county and were known as "Flying Camps" that served on active duty until November 30, 1776. Union County, Pierce's Certificates. Marion and his men had won the days skirmish. They also helped garrison Fort Pitt, Fort Henry, and a number of smaller posts. Marion knew that an engagement with them would not be easy and he could expect no support from the American army. The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine 23 (No. Reorganized on January 1, 1783 at Lancaster, to consist of 7 companies in the. U.S., Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, 1800-1900. In pursuit was Peter Horry, firing on the retreating forms from every bush and thicket. Furloughed on June 11, 1783 at Philadelphia. In 1747, Ben Franklin (only 39 years of age at the time) created the Philadelphia Militia Association, a completely volunteer force totalling 10,000 enrollees. Though titled Rangers by Washington and a grateful American people, Morgans Rangers were not, in essence, Rangers in the sense of the uniquely trained, motivated, and challenged soldier. While all of these types of records reflect enrollment in the militia, only the muster rolls of the actual marching companies demonstrate actual service while the fine books and appeal books are evidence of lack of actual service. As his situation grew more desperate with each passing day, Watson finally decided to retreat. At Morristown, during the winter of 1780-81, the 7th Pennsylvania was involved in a mutiny with other Pennsylvania Regiments after which the unit was disbanded. At the Battle of Brandywine on Sept. 11, 1777, the regiment was part of the force guarding Chadds Ford until the British diversionary force stormed across the creek and compelled Wayne's Division to withdraw. This collection is from Record Group 93, War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, and is National Archives Microfilm publication M246. There is no particular record that the unit was involved in any fighting that summer, but in October, 1779, it had 452 officers and men with Wayne at West Point. About; Leadership; Public Information; Contact; Join; . They took part in campaigns against the Indian towns in northwest Pennsylvania in concert with the Sullivan/Clinton campaign, and again against the hostile Indians in southeast Ohio. When America officially declared its independence from Great Britain, it was clear more troops were needed to fight in the revolution. Light companies normally assembled into provisional battalions at the start of each year's campaign and acted as a special strike force in traditional battlefield roles, not as a reconnaissance element. After wintering at Valley Forge the regiment was assigned to the Western Department, headquartered at Fort Pitt. Bucks County Associators and a chart showing how the units were organized is available. The regiment would see action during the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Battle of Springfield. The whole force retreated to Isle Aux Noix and then to Crown Point, reached on July 1. The regiment was furloughed, on June 11, 1783, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and disbanded on November 15, 1783. They spent the winter at Valley Forge and fought at the battle of Monmoth on June 28, 1778. Deleting this Virtual Cemetery cannot be undone. Were your ancestors part of the Pennsylvania Line? The regiment would see action during the New York Campaign, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Sullivan Expedition. Contrary to myth, the light troops in the Continental Army overwhelmingly followed European doctrinal concepts. They were either used to augment the operations of the Continental Line such as when some of the Associators accompanied General Washington in crossing the Delaware in January 1777. For example, when the 1st Class was called up, the colonel of the 1st Battalion, the lieutenant colonel of the 2nd Battalion, and the major of the 3rd Battalion entered into service commanding the 1st Class active-duty Battalion. A system error has occurred. December 26, 1776 The Battle of Trenton. He is said to have been wounded and taken prisoner at Stillwater, N.Y., during a British-Indian attack on Morgan's camp in September 1777. It was here that they received a new commander, Lieutenant Colonel Josiah Harmar, on the 1st of January 1778. Pleased with James deployment, Marion reinforced him with an additional company and moved to a reserve position to the rear and out of sight. By 1675-1676 a new element appeared in the ranger concept. The Regiment was authorized on September 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment. Defense Production Act Title III Presidential Determination for Airbreathing Engines, Advanced Avionics Position Navigation and Guidance Systems, and Constituent Materials for Hypersonic Systems, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict Co-Hosts the First Irregular Warfare Medical Resiliency Working Group, Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III Message to the Force, Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III Message to the Force, Ranger Assessment & Selection Program How to Become a 75th Ranger, 75 Years Ago Today. A covering force of riflemen were swept aside by Watsons artillery, allowing Watsons guard to ford the stream unopposed. In 1780, the 7th Pennsylvania was part of a force which defended against a Hessian attack on New Bridge, New Jersey on April 16, 1780 and then at Paramus. Pennsylvania Militia and a chart showing how the units were organized is available. Colonel John Bull was appointed colonel on May 2, 1777, but was succeeded on June 17 by Colonel Walter Stewart. Morgans Corps of Rangers was coming to fruition. A counter charge of the remainder of Marions cavalry pushed the dragoons back across the land bridge. On September 21 the regiment was in Hartford, Connecticut, with Wayne to greet French General Rochambeau. Another form of line service was with theCorps of Invalids. USA. Under the provisions of the Militia Law, the men called up for active duty were automatically assigned to companies whose numbers were different from their own company numbers on the permanent billet rolls. Organized in spring 1777 at Kittanning to consist of 8 companies from Westmoreland County. On January 1, 1777, the survivors of the 5th Battalion, along with exchanged prisoners and new recruits, were reorganized into the 6th Pennsylvania. Revolutionary War Pension Payment Ledgers, 1818-1872 from NARA microfilm publication T718. The regiment was furloughed January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey and disbanded on January 1, 1783. The military unit may also be identified by searching the collection "United States, Revolutionary War Compiled Service Records, 1775-1783" Index provided by Fold3.com and FamilySearch. In fact, Major General Friedrich von Steuben wrote a separate drill manual for them in late 1780. Following the reduction of the Pennsylvania Line in the winter of 1780-81 the unit was redesignated "the detachment of the Pennsylvania Line", and consisted of two companies. In 1776, the state's Provincial Assembly was replaced by a General Assembly and a new Pennsylvania constitution. None of the light units employed by the Continental Army carried out a training role as Rogers' Rangers had during the French and Indian War. In formal battles it provided unblemished flank security, but it was even better in rear battle by conducting deep raids against British logistical bases. Four men running forward to recover his body were also killed in sequence. This browser does not support getting your location. The Pennsylvanians assigned to the fort, mostly from the Musket Battalion, are among those captured. [1] For a full account of the social factors and legislation that this article draws from, see Arthur J. Alexander, "Pennsylvania's Revolutionary Militia," Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 69:1 (January 1945 ), 15-25.
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